Swali la 1: Mnamo tarehe 2 Agosti, Spika wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Marekani Nancy Pelosi alifanya ziara bila kutangazwa katika mkoa wa Taiwan wa China. Katika kujibu, Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya China ilitoa taarifa yenye maneno makali, ikitumia neno "zito" mara nne, kuelezea upinzani mkali wa China na kulaani vikali. Kwa nini ziara ya Pelosi Taiwan iliibua mwitikio mkali kama huu kutoka kwa China?

Balozi  Chen: Ziara ya Spika wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Marekani Nancy Pelosi katika eneo la Taiwan la China ni uingiliaji mkubwa wa mambo ya ndani ya China.  Inakiuka kwa kiasi kikubwa mamlaka na uadilifu wa eneo la China, inavuka mipaka juu ya kanuni ya China moja, na inadhoofisha sana amani na utulivu katika Mlango-Bahari wa Taiwan.  China inapinga vikali ziara hii.

Kanuni ya China moja ni makubaliano ya jumuiya ya kimataifa na kanuni ya msingi katika uhusiano wa kimataifa.  Mambo yake muhimu ni pamoja na yafuatayo: Kuna China moja tu duniani;  Taiwan ni sehemu isiyoweza kutengwa ya eneo la China;  na Serikali ya Jamhuri ya Watu wa China ndiyo serikali pekee ya kisheria inayowakilisha China nzima.  Duniani kote, nchi 181, ikiwa ni pamoja na Marekani, zimeanzisha uhusiano wa kidiplomasia na China kwa msingi wa kanuni ya China moja.  Kanuni ya kuwepo kwa China moja pia ni kitovu cha taarifa tatu za pamoja za China na Marekani, na msingi wa kisiasa wa uhusiano kati ya China na Marekani.  Swali la Taiwan daima limekuwa suala muhimu na nyeti zaidi katika uhusiano wa China na Marekani.  Ziara ya Nancy Pelosi huko Taiwan kama Spika wa sasa wa Baraza la Wawakilishi la Marekani ni ukiukaji mkubwa wa sera ya China moja iliyofanywa na Serikali ya Marekani na uchochezi mkubwa wa kisiasa unaoboresha maingiliano rasmi na uhusiano mkubwa kati ya Marekani na eneo la Taiwan la China.  Katika kukabiliana na uchochezi huo, haiwezekani kwa China kukaa bila kulifanyia kazi.

Swali la 2: Tuliona kwamba upande wa China ulikuwa umeonya mara kwa mara upande wa Marekani kuhusu ziara ya Pelosi nchini Taiwan, ukisisitiza kwa mara kadhaa madhara makubwa ya ziara hiyo.  Lakini Pelosi alikuwa amepuuza maonyo ya China na akasisitiza kutembelea Taiwan.  Madhumuni ya ziara hii ni nini?

Balozi.  Chen: Katika miaka ya hivi karibuni, Marekani ilisema kwamba itazingatia sera ya China moja, haitafuti Vita Baridi mpya na China na haina lengo la kubadili mfumo wa China. Pia ilisema kuwa ufufuaji wa ushirikiano wake haulengi China, hauungi mkono "uhuru wa Taiwan", na haina nia ya kutafuta mzozo na China.  Hata hivyo, Marekani haijalinganisha maneno yake na matendo. Imekuwa ikipotosha na kuficha kanuni ya China moja kwa mbinu za vitisho za kugawa na kuteka ili kuwashinda wapinzani, na kujaribu kubadilisha hali iliyopo katika mlango wa bahari wa Taiwan.  Hivi sasa, hali ya mlangi wa bahari inakabiliwa na duru mpya ya mvutano, na sababu kuu iko katika ukweli kwamba mamlaka ya Taiwan imeendelea kutafuta msaada wa Marekani kwa ajenda yao ya uhuru, wakati huo huo Marekani inajaribu "kutumia Taiwan kuzuia  China”, kwa madhumuni ya kuzuia muungano kamili wa China na kufufua upya taifa la China.

Ni siri iliyo wazi kwamba madhumuni ya msisitizo wa Pelosi kuzuru Taiwan bila kujali  maslahi ya jumla ya mahusiano ya China na Marekani ni kupata faida za kibinafsi za kisiasa na kuacha nyuma kile kinachoitwa urithi wa kisiasa.  Tunaweza kusema kwa usalama kwamba ziara yake ni "onyesho la kisiasa" ambalo linahatari kulaaniwa na wote.

Swali la 3: Je, uchochezi wa Marekani kwenye swali la Taiwan utakuwa na athari gani kwenye uhusiano wa China na Marekani? Dunia ya leo tayari ina matukio. Je, hatua hii ya upande wa Marekani itakuwa na ushawishi gani katika hali ya kimataifa?

Balozi Chen: Ziara ya uchochezi ya Pelosi huko Taiwan ni ukiukaji wa wazi wa kanuni ya China moja. Inadhoofisha sana msingi wa kisiasa wa uhusiano kati ya China na Marekani na itazidi kufanya uhusiano kati ya China na Marekani uwe mbaya zaidi na kuwaweka watu hao wawili hatarini.

Katika ulimwengu wa leo, mwelekeo wa ghasia na mabadiliko unazidi kukua, na upungufu katika maendeleo na usalama unaonekana kwa ukubwa. Janga la Uviko-19 bado linaenea kote ulimwenguni, na hakuna suluhisho la haraka kwa mzozo wa Ukraine. Athari za mzozo wa Ukraine bado zinaongezeka. Ziara ya Pelosi huko Taiwan imefanya hali ya wasiwasi katika Mlango-Bahari wa Taiwan kuwa ngumu zaidi, hatari na isiyotabirika, na kuzidisha ghasia kimataifa.

Kama nchi kubwa zaidi inayoendelea na nchi kubwa zaidi iliyoendelea duniani, China na Marekani zina jukumu maalum katika kudumisha amani ya dunia na kukuza maendeleo. Nchi hizo mbili zinapaswa kutanguliza mbele maslahi ya kimsingi ya watu hao wawili na amani, utulivu, maendeleo na ustawi wa dunia. Wanapaswa kuchukua mtazamo ambao unawajibika kwa historia na kusimamia vizuri uhusiano wao wa nchi mbili. Hili sio tu tarajio la jumuiya ya kimataifa na watu wa nchi zote, bali ni wajibu wa China na Marekani kama nchi mbili kuu.

Swali la 4: Baada ya ziara ya Pelosi huko Taiwan, upande wa China umechukua hatua kadhaa za kukabiliana nazo katika kujibu. Marekani na baadhi ya nchi nyingine za Magharibi zimeishutumu China kwa kukuza mambo, kwa kutumia ziara ya Pelosi kama kisingizio kubadilisha hali iliyopo katika Mlango-Bahari wa Taiwan na kuvuruga amani eneo hilo. Je, una maoni yoyote kuhusu tuhuma hizi?

Balozi Chen: Mashtaka kama hayo yanapingana kabisa na ukweli, yanajaribu kuchanganya mema kwa mabaya. China inayapinga vikali. Kuna China mmoja tu ulimwenguni, na pande zote mbili za Mlango-Bahari wa Taiwan ni za taifa moja. Hii ndiyo hali ilivyo kote katika Mlango-Bahari wa Taiwan tangu nyakati za kale. Sasa hali ilivyo imevunjwa, lakini mkosaji ni Marekani na majeshi ya kujitenga ya "uhuru wa Taiwan" ambayo Marekani inakubali na kuunga mkono.

Ikikabiliana na uchokozi ovu za Marekani, China ina kila haki ya kuchukua hatua zote zinazohitajika ili kulinda mamlaka yake na msimamo wa eneo lake. Mazoezi ya kijeshi na shughuli za mafunzo zinazofanywa kuzunguka kisiwa cha Taiwan ni wazi na kitaaluma. Zinaendana na sheria za ndani na kimataifa, pamoja na mazoea ya kimataifa. Wanalenga kutuma onyo kwa mkosaji na kuadhibu majeshi ya "uhuru wa Taiwan". Ikiwa watu husika wanakasirishwa na hatua hizi, inathibitisha kuwa hatua hizi ni muhimu na zinafaa. 

Swali la 5: Je! Jumuiya ya kimataifa iliitikiaje tukio hili? Je, nchi za Afrika zimechukua msimamo gani kwa ujumla? 

Balozi Chen: Ziara ya uchochezi ya Pelosi katika eneo la Taiwan la China ni ukiukaji wa kanuni za msingi za uhusiano wa kimataifa. Ni tishio kwa amani na utulivu wa dunia. Nchi yoyote na watu wanaopenda amani na kudumisha haki hawataki kuona haya yakitendeka. Hadi sasa, zaidi ya nchi 170, ambazo zinachukua karibu asilimia 90 ya nchi zote duniani, zimeonyesha uungaji mkono wa dhati kwa China kuhusu suala la Taiwan kwa njia mbalimbali. Hizi ndizo sauti za haki.

Serikali na sekta mbalimbali za jamii katika nchi za Afrika zimezungumza kurudia msimamo na wasiwasi wa China, zikiwemo Kongo, Eritrea, Afrika Kusini, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Burundi, Ethiopia na nyingine nyingi. Wamesisitiza uungaji mkono wao thabiti kwa kanuni ya China moja na juhudi za China kulinda mamlaka yake na msimamo wa eneo.

Tanzania na China ni washirika wa hali zote. Nchi hizo mbili daima zinasaidiana katika masuala yanayohusu maslahi ya pande zote mbili. Mhe. Balozi Liberata Mulamula, Waziri wa Mambo ya Nje na Ushirikiano wa Afrika Mashariki, kwa niaba ya Serikali ya Tanzania, ameelezea uungaji mkono wa Tanzania kwa China tulipokutana hivi karibuni. Alisisitiza kuwa Tanzania itasimama kidete na China. Akaunti rasmi ya Twitter ya Wizara ya Mambo ya Nje ya Tanzania imetoa maoni ya Waziri Mulamula, inayosema kuwa Tanzania bado ina dhamira ya dhati ya kuzingatia kanuni na maridhiano yanayoongoza uhusiano wetu na China na daima itaunga mkono maslahi makuu ya China, ikiwemo Sera ya China Moja inayotambua Taiwan kama sehemu isiyoweza kutengwa ya China. Kauli hii inadhihirisha tena kwamba Tanzania ni nchi inayozingatia misingi na haki, jambo ambalo tunalithamini sana. China iko tayari kufanya kazi na Tanzania na nchi nyingine zote rafiki ili kulinda utaratibu wa kimataifa unaozingatia sheria za kimataifa, kuzingatia haki na uadilifu wa kimataifa, kutoa mchango mkubwa kwa amani na maendeleo ya dunia pamoja na maendeleo ya binadamu.